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Charlotte Three
The Charlotte Three, consisting of T.J. Reddy, James Grant, and Charles Parker, were a group of men arrested and convicted in Charlotte, North Carolina for the burning of Lazy B Stables, a horse stable. The burning took place on September 24, 1968, one year after Lazy B Stables was integrated. All three men were arrested and implicated in the arson on December of 1971, a full three years after the incident.〔 Michalowski, Raymond J. 1975. ‘The Case of the Charlotte Three’. Crime and Social Justice, no. 3 (January). Social Justice/Global Options: 36–41. 〕 The men were eventually convicted for their presumed actions, and were unsuccessful in having their appeals accepted, with the Supreme Court rejecting their motions.〔Waller, Signe. 2002. Love and Revolution: A Political Memoir: People’s History of the Greensboro Massacre, Its Setting and Aftermath. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc, 127.〕 They were all well known radical activists in Charlotte and some people claimed their arrest was aimed at stopping their political motives. Many observers believed that this case was a representation of the still heavily racist American South of the 1970s, and the various underhanded methods prosecutors were willing to utilize to obtain convictions against African Americans.〔Ibid.〕 The Charlotte Three were victims in the eyes of some, of an American South that was still reeling from widespread integration and general mistrust in Black affairs. The men were held against their will incorrectly not for crimes that they did not commit, but because of the social change they worked hard to attain. Finally, in 1979, North Carolina Jim Hunt commuted all three men's sentences commuted after a vigorous campaign by state, national, and international activists on their behalf. 〔Grimsley, Wayne. 2003. James B. Hunt: A North Carolina Progressive. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co Inc, 150-152.〕
== Charlotte ==
Charlotte, North Carolina had a reputation as a forward-thinking city in that it wasn’t supposed to have the same racial discrimination that the cities in the Deep South had.〔Kusmer, Kenneth, and Joe Trotter. 2009. African American Urban History since World War II. The University of Chicago Press, 194.〕 Charlotte was called a “New South city” but many of its residents still harbored the same racial discrimination, and “clung to Jim Crow segregation” as strongly as residents of Mobile, Alabama and Jackson, Mississippi, stereotypical anti-black cities.〔Ibid.〕 African American dissent towards racism was however very prevalent in Charlotte, as the landmark case Brown v. Board of Education arose from a school district around Charlotte, and Reginald Hawkins spearheaded protests against segregation in the cities public and private institutions.〔Ibid.〕 When residents in Charlotte in January of 1965 filed the court case Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenburg Board of Education, the car of civil rights leader “Julius Chambers was blown to bits” and a year later, “bombs exploded at the homes of four more civil rights leaders”.〔Ibid.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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